Case Study on Boil-Off Gas (BOG) Minimization for LNG Bunkering

This study proposes a hybrid system that combines conventional onboard LNG-fueled generators with an energy storage system (ESS) to solve the BOG issue of LNGBVs. This hybrid system is targeted at an LNGBV with the cargo capacity of 5000 m3. The amount of BOG generation is calculated based on assumed operation modes, and the economic study and

Cryogenic energy storage

Cryogenic energy storage (CES) is the use of low temperature liquids such as liquid air or liquid nitrogen to store energy. [1] [2] The Colocation with a source of unused cold, such as an LNG regasification facility is also an advantage. [9] Grid-scale demonstrators

Utilization of Cold Energy from LNG Regasification Process: A

Liquified natural gas (LNG) is a clean primary energy source that is growing in popularity due to the distance between natural gas (NG)-producing countries and importing countries. The large amount of cold energy stored in LNG presents an opportunity for sustainable technologies to recover and utilize this energy. This can enhance the energy efficiency of LNG

Everything you should know about storing liquefied natural gas (LNG)

What is LNG? Liquefied natural gas (also known as LNG) is natural gas cooled to a liquid state for the purpose of easier storage and transportation.. When natural gas reaches about -260° Fahrenheit, through a liquefaction process using cryogenic heat exchangers, it becomes 600 times smaller than natural gas. This facilitates its management and has become

BHE GT&S | Home

It also provides a variety of LNG solutions through Pivotal LNG, its 75% operating stake in Cove Point LNG — the import, export and liquefaction facility in Lusby, Maryland — and other LNG processing and storage initiatives.

Thermodynamic design and analysis of air-liquefied energy storage

It consists of energy storage process (air liquefaction, LNG regasification) and energy release process (liquid air gasification). The cold energy set free by LNG regasification during off-peak periods is used to liquefy air and serves as the cold source for the Rankine cycle. During the energy storage process, the air is first pre-treated to

Thermodynamic analysis of liquid air energy storage system

Liquid air energy storage (LAES) presents a promising solution to effectively manage intermittent renewable energy and optimize power grid peaking. This paper introduces a LAES system integrating LNG cold energy to flexibly manage power peaking, including intermediate energy storage, power generation using organic Rankine cycle, multi-stage direct

Energy Saving through Efficient BOG Prediction and Impact of

Boil-off gas (BOG) from a liquefied natural gas (LNG) storage tank depends on the amount of heat leakage however, its assessment often relies on the static value of the boil-off rate (BOR) suggested by the LNG tank vendors that over/under predicts BOG generation. Thus, the impact of static BOR on BOG predictions is investigated and the results suggest that BOR

Conceptual design of LNG regasification process using liquid air energy

Liquid air energy storage (LAES): Solution. Cold energy of LNG can be used to liquefy air for liquid air energy storage (LAES) system. This would not only help optimize the LNG value chain but will also improve the performance of

Comprehensive Review of Liquid Air Energy Storage (LAES

In recent years, liquid air energy storage (LAES) has gained prominence as an alternative to existing large-scale electrical energy storage solutions such as compressed air (CAES) and pumped hydro energy storage (PHES), especially in the context of medium-to-long-term storage. LAES offers a high volumetric energy density, surpassing the geographical

Journal of Energy Storage

Carbon reduction and renewable energy exploration attracted more and more concerns over the past two decades [1].With the increasing proportion of renewable energy, such as solar energy and wind energy, connected to the grid, their intermittent and variable nature poses a great challenge to power systems [[2], [3], [4]].Therefore, large-scale energy storage

Liquid air energy storage flexibly coupled with LNG

Zhang et al. [29] recovered the LNG cold energy directly (without storage) to cool down the air during air liquefaction and used external heat energy for generating more power; an electricity storage efficiency of ∼70% was obtained. In the standalone LAES system, the liquid air yield is usually ∼70%, which is far from 100%, indicating that

Techno-economic assessment of integrated NH3-power co

Mehrpooya 1 et al. [10] evaluated different power cycles for electricity production from LNG cold energy, while Qui et al. [11] proposed the integration of a liquid air energy storage (LAES) system [12] in an LNG regasification plant to realize flexible power generation during peak hours, concluding that LAES showed the highest economic

A novel system of liquid air energy storage with LNG cold energy

Liquid air energy storage (LAES) is a promising technology for large-scale energy storage applications, particularly for integrating renewable energy sources.While standalone LAES systems typically exhibit an efficiency of approximately 50 %, research has been conducted to utilize the cold energy of liquefied natural gas (LNG) gasification. This

Small Scale and Containerized LNG

American LNG Marketing, LLC 0.008 14-209-LNG Carib Energy (USA) 0.04 11-141-LNG Air Flow North America Corp. 0.002 14-206-LNG Floridian Natural Gas Storage Company, LLC 0.04 15-38-LNG Carib Energy (USA) 0.003 16-98-LNG Eagle LNG Jacksonville 0.14 16-15-LNG Eagle Maxville 0.01 17-79-LNG Blue Water Fuels, LLC 0.009 19-99-LNG

Cold utilization systems of LNG: A review

Messieno and Panno [71] studied the LNG cryogenic energy application for the cold storage in Sicily by measuring the monthly data, and the study showed that the implementation of combined LNG cold energy-cold storage process has low time return on investment which are less than 5 years for the cold energy prices between 1 and 3

LNG cold energy utilization: Prospects and challenges

The energy storage system can release the stored cold energy by power generation or direct cooling when the energy demand increases rapidly. The schematic diagram of the cold energy storage system by using LNG cold energy is shown in Fig. 11. The conventional cold energy storage systems which can be used for LNG cold energy utilization

A compression-free re-liquefication process of LNG boil-off gas

A liquid air energy storage technology was used as an intermediate stage to store the cold energy from LNG gasification. In the work of Park et al. [ 23 ], cold energy released during the regasification process of LNG is recovered by liquid air, which is further applied to the natural gas liquefaction system based on the propane pre-cooled

Cascade utilization of LNG cold energy by integrating cryogenic energy

In the cryogenic energy storage mode, the LNG cold energy is utilized by air (CES), mixed working fluid (ORC) and ethylene glycol (DC) in sequence. The continuous released LNG cold energy is transferred into the non-continuous cold energy of liquid air and EG during the off-peak period. In the energy release mode, the liquid air transfers its

LNG Cryogenic Storage Tanks | TransTech Energy

Micro Storage & Regasification Solutions - Complete, self-contained systems for small users. Affordable, turnkey solutions that deliver economy, ease-of-use to users wishing to benefit from LNG—from small scale users in science, industry and transport to

LNG Basics

Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to a liquid state, at about -260° Fahrenheit (or ~162 Celsius), for shipping and storage. The volume of natural gas in its liquid state is about 600 times smaller than its volume in its gaseous state, making it easier for ocean transport.

Liquefied natural gas

OverviewProductionSpecific energy content and energy densityHistoryLNG life cycleCommercial aspectsUsesTrade

The natural gas fed into the LNG plant will be treated to remove water, hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide, benzene and other components that will freeze under the low temperatures needed for storage or be destructive to the liquefaction facility. LNG typically contains more than 90% methane. It also contains small amounts of ethane, propane, butane, some heavier alkanes, and nitrogen. The purificatio

Liquefied natural gas (LNG) | Description, Uses, & Benefits

LNG is more practical than liquefied petroleum gas or other liquid gases, particularly for use in large volumes, because it has the same chemical composition as natural gas. This fact and the growing demand for natural gas have stimulated LNG production. Moreover, LNG technology has made it possible to utilize natural gas from remote areas of the

An overview on liquefied natural gas (LNG), its properties, the

Sponsors of the consortium were BP Energy Company-Global LNG, BG LNG Services, ChevronTexaco Global LNG, Shell Gas & Power, ConocoPhillips Worldwide LNG, El Paso Global LNG, region lacking in underground storage, LNG is a critical part of the region''s supply during cold snaps. In regions where pipeline capacity from supply areas can be

Liquefied Natural Gas: production process and cold energy recovery

Suitable storage systems for LNG cold energy include liquid air systems, liquid carbon dioxide systems, and phase change material (PCM) systems. In the case of cold energy storage using liquid air, the air is first pressurised to a high pressure by a compressor, and then cooled and liquefied by transferring heat to LNG in the heat exchanger.

Liquefied Natural Gas

LNG is transported by ship to terminals in the United States, then stored at atmospheric pressure in super-insulated tanks. From storage, LNG is converted back into gas and fed into the natural gas pipeline system. LNG is also transported by truck to

Thermodynamic performance of a cryogenic energy storage

The LNG cryogenic energy storage (LNGES) system would charge and discharge based on the electricity grid, while meeting the requirements of the NG grid. The gaseous NG would be supplied from and released into the high-pressure NG pipeline, thus reducing the impact on the NG grid. This study conducted a thermodynamic analysis and an optimization

LNG Storage & Handling Solutions | TransTech Energy

BEST-IN-CLASS LNG STORAGE & HANDLING. TransTech Energy provides best-in-class, comprehensive solutions for liquefied natural gas (LNG) storage and re-gasification across the full LNG value chain, for all off-pipeline applications.

Integration of the single-effect mixed refrigerant cycle with

Thus, the integration between liquified natural gas LNG regasification and liquid air energy storage (LAES) to produce electricity and utilize the cold energy of LNG regasification has several interests to maximize the benefits of the process to generate power and face the challenges such as energy saving and reducing the total operations costs

Liquefied natural gas

Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas, predominantly methane, converted into liquid form for ease of storage or transport. The liquefaction process involves cooling the gas to around -162 °C and removing certain impurities, such as dust and carbon dioxide.

Energy transmission and LNG storage tanks | Bechtel

Storage . Storage solutions for LNG liquefaction, regasification, hydrocarbon storage, industrial water, and petrochemical markets are critical to the reliability of energy access. Storage solutions include: Tanks. Ambient storage tanks ; Spheres and pressure vessels ; Low temperature and cryogenic tanks ;

Liquid air energy storage coupled with liquefied natural gas

In the cold energy storage section, LNG cold energy is transferred to liquid propane and is stored via intermediate thermal storage for further use (CT). In the LAES release section, the stored liquid air passes the pump and expanders. Stored energy in the liquid air is released by a series of expanders (E1 to E4).